Your factory price is not your cost. Landed cost adds freight, duty, brokerage, and inbound handling. Most first-time importers underestimate it by 20-40%.
Product cost + international freight + insurance + customs duty + brokerage and port fees + inbound domestic transport. Some sellers also allocate inspection and compliance testing per shipment.
Duty is typically charged on the customs value (usually product cost, sometimes CIF value depending on country). Rates vary by HS code and are subject to additional tariffs that change with trade policy - always verify the current rate for your HS code before ordering.
The usual culprits: dimensional weight charges on freight, tariff changes, port congestion surcharges, and 3PL receiving fees. Build a 5-10% buffer into your landed cost for the unexpected.
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Disclosure: some links on this page are affiliate links. Figures are estimates, not professional advice.